Pyatigorsk is a city in Stavropol Krai located on the Podkumok River, about 20km from the town of Mineralnye Vody where there is an international airport and about 45km from Kislovodsk. Since January 19, 2010, it has been the administrative center of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia. Population:OverviewThe name Pyatigorsk is derived from the fused Russian words "пять гор" and the city is so called because of the five peaks of the Beshtau of the Caucasian mountain range overlooking the city. It was founded in 1780, and has been a health spa with mineral springs since 1803. Pyatigorsk is one of the oldest spa resorts in Russia. The health resort provides unique medical resources, and its underground wealth supplies 50 different mineral springs, medical mud taken from Lake Tambukan located 10km from Pyatigorsk, and the mild climate of the area. It is one of 116 historical towns of the Russian Federation. Russian poet Mikhail Lermontov was shot in a duel at Pyatigorsk on July 27, 1841. There is a museum in the city devoted to his memory. The Zionist activist Joseph Trumpeldor was born in Pyatigorsk.  The Circassian or Adyghe name is Beishto.